________________ CM . . . . Volume V Number 11 . . . . January 29, 1999

cover She Was Only 3: The Trials of John Thomas James Jr.

John D. Montgomery.
Winnipeg, MB: Watson Dwyer, 1998.
231 pp., pbk, $22.95.
ISBN 1-896239-33-1.

Subject Headings:
James, John Thomas-Trials, litigation, etc.
Trials (Murder)-Manitoba-Winnipeg.
Juvenile justice, Administration of-Canada.

Grades 12 and up / Ages 17 and up.
Review by Dave Jenkinson.

**** /4

excerpt:

The bread had to be out of the oven by 8 p.m. Shirley took Ruby down to Apartment 4, completed her domestic chores, then went back to Kim's suite.

Ruby stayed behind as her Aunt Tania and two companions began to watch a movie, The Cannonball Run, on television. After a few minutes, Ruby wanted to rejoin her grandmother. Tania opened the apartment door to let the three-year-old into the stairwell.

The reunion never happened. Somewhere on the 16 steps up to Apartment 9, the little one was snatched.

Most Canadian citizens' knowledge of the criminal court system is likely limited to the content of television programs, principally American. In actuality, most criminal trials lack the drama and showmanship portrayed on the small screen; however, in She Was Only 3, Montgomery, a former Crown prosecutor in Manitoba, tells a gripping story, one that is more horrifying and disturbing because it is true. On Friday, September 13, 1985, three-year-old Ruby Adriaenssen was abducted, sexually assaulted, and brutally killed, her semi-nude body left to be discovered in a Winnipeg garage. Within a day, police had a confession from John James Jr., 17, but, because of James' age, a legal dispute over admission of evidence under Canada's Young Offenders Act ultimately led to three trials and the passage of more than five years before Thomas was convicted of the lesser crime of manslaughter, rather than first-degree murder. Initially sentenced to 22 years, James, upon appeal, received a life sentence which meant the possibility of parole eligibility in 1992. Because of the provisions of the Privacy Act and the Corrections and Conditional Release Act, Montgomery cannot ascertain Thomas' present whereabouts.

      As the case's prosecutor, Montgomery's "bias" is obvious, but his concern goes well beyond his disgust at a confessed killer's ultimate light sentence to a more generalized lament about how the Canadian Court System has seemingly placed the "rights" of the accused, particularly "young offenders," significantly ahead of those of the victims. Readers are allowed to draw their own conclusions as Montgomery chronologically presents the book's contents principally via court records. The inclusion of a great deal of "conversation" makes the work read quickly, and it sometimes feel like fiction, rather than fact. This misperception, however, can be quickly reversed by the reader's turning to the eight pages of black and white photographs, three of them containing four police pictures of Ruby's body, taken at the crime scene. While possibly quite disturbing to some readers, these photographs were just some of those shown to the jury, and they serve to bring home the enormity of the crime, something that often seemed overlooked in the ritualized behaviour of the Court.

      While She Was Only 3 will likely have its greatest readership amongst adults, mature adolescents should have the opportunity to confront the issues the book raises.

Highly recommended.

Dave Jenkinson teaches courses in Literature for the Adolescent in the Faculty of Education, the University of Manitoba.

To comment on this title or this review, send mail to cm@umanitoba.ca.

Copyright © the Manitoba Library Association. Reproduction for personal use is permitted only if this copyright notice is maintained. Any other reproduction is prohibited without permission.

Published by
The Manitoba Library Association
ISSN 1201-9364

TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR THIS ISSUE - JANUARY 29, 1999.

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